The Large and more bold the type, the more ideal the rep range is for that goal. So if you look at the top row, which is strength. your ideal rep range is up to 6 reps, this does not mean that you won't gain any strength in the 7-11 range which more ideally suited to hypertrophy.
For the ladies who are worried about getting to "muscular", working in the strength range up to 5 reps will build minimal size (Hypertrophy)
In general you are looking to use the largest weight you can handle with good form in the target rep range for your goal. Power is a little different however. When training power the goal is to move the weight with as much speed and force you can without loosing good form. This can be done with a variety of weights depending on what the ultimate goal of building power is for. As a powerlifter it usually involves very heavy weights but a tennis player looking to build power for their game would use a lighter weight.
High reps are not very good for anything other than muscular endurance.
From a diet perspective, Hypertrophy require extra calories to build muscle size, so working in a hypertrophy range without adequate calories (calorie deficit) is counter productive and where you see people toil year after year in the gym without making any progress towards their goals and then claim that they are "hard gainers" when in reality they are not eating enough to build muscle.