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Performing daily life activities smoothly and enjoying life is a blessing. But some people can’t hold a cup of tea without spilling because of shaky hands. They can't walk across the living room because of trembling legs. These are the patients with movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, dystonia, or essential tremor. Millions of people are living with such movement disorders, and simple moments feel like distant memories for them. But there is a groundbreaking procedure bringing hope back for patients suffering from movement disorders. That advanced procedure is called Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS).
In simple words, it is described as a "pacemaker for the brain”. DBS was first introduced in Pakistan in 2014, and since then, it has changed the lives of many patients. However, since it is related to the most complex organ in the human body, the question that arises in the minds of all patients is: Is Deep Brain Stimulation safe?
In order to find the answer to this question, it is necessary to have the real story of risks, rewards, and what life looks like years later. This article simply explains Deep Brain Stimulation. It aims to give accurate and science-backed knowledge about the risks, benefits, and long-term outcomes of DBS.
A recent scientific study proved that patients who underwent Deep Brain Stimulation had 51% improved motor function in the first year. And their motor function remained 36% improved after 5 years. Many patients experience long-lasting tremor control after DBS. Patients suffering from primary dystonia experience great and sustained improvements after having deep brain simulation surgery. DBS does not treat the underlying disease, but manages the symptoms. It is a life-changing experience for someone who has not been able to hold a spoon without shaking. Someone who struggles to button a shirt because of stiffness can feel independent and in control after DBS. Regaining freedom restores dignity. Here is how DBS changes your life in a positive way
Deep Brain Stimulation carries risks like other major surgeries. Although most complications are temporary or manageable, families and patients must weigh these risks realistically. Most of the risks associated with DBS are of surgical phase. If an experienced neurosurgeon performs surgery, the risks are minimal. Here are the three major categories of risks associated with DBS
Research shows that 83% of all adverse events related to DBS resolve within six months of the surgery. So patients and their family members should not be worried about the risks.
Deep Brain Stimulation has a long and well-documented track record of safety. It is FDA-approved and used as standard care when conservative treatments fail. It is interesting to note that our brain does not feel pain. So patients remain awake during the procedure. It helps the doctors when the electrodes are placed perfectly. When performed by an experienced medical professional, DBS is safe and effective. Traditional DBS provides constant stimulation. However, recent research confirmed that adaptive DBS (aDBS) has advanced technology. It listens to the brain in real-time and only delivers stimulation when it detects trouble. This makes Deep Brain Stimulation safe and more natural because it has reduced side effects. Not only this, but the electric signal is delivered to the brain only when necessary. Hence, it resolves battery issues as well and extends battery life.
In simple words, it is described as a "pacemaker for the brain”. DBS was first introduced in Pakistan in 2014, and since then, it has changed the lives of many patients. However, since it is related to the most complex organ in the human body, the question that arises in the minds of all patients is: Is Deep Brain Stimulation safe?
In order to find the answer to this question, it is necessary to have the real story of risks, rewards, and what life looks like years later. This article simply explains Deep Brain Stimulation. It aims to give accurate and science-backed knowledge about the risks, benefits, and long-term outcomes of DBS.
What Exactly is Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)?
DBS is a neurosurgical procedure that treats different kinds of neurological symptoms. In the procedure, thin electrodes are implanted into specific areas of the brain that control movement. These electrodes are then connected to a small device placed under the skin near the collarbone. The device is similar to a heart pacemaker. It sends an electrical impulse to the brain and controls signals that cause tremors and stiffness. These pulses don't "cure" the disease, but they do something remarkable: they interrupt the irregular nerve signals that cause tremors, stiffness, and slow movement. Hence, the overall quality of life is improved.The Benefits and Long-Term Outcomes of DBS
A recent scientific study proved that patients who underwent Deep Brain Stimulation had 51% improved motor function in the first year. And their motor function remained 36% improved after 5 years. Many patients experience long-lasting tremor control after DBS. Patients suffering from primary dystonia experience great and sustained improvements after having deep brain simulation surgery. DBS does not treat the underlying disease, but manages the symptoms. It is a life-changing experience for someone who has not been able to hold a spoon without shaking. Someone who struggles to button a shirt because of stiffness can feel independent and in control after DBS. Regaining freedom restores dignity. Here is how DBS changes your life in a positive way
| Aspect of Life | Without DBS (Advanced Stages) | With DBS |
|---|---|---|
| Motor Control | Increased stiffness, tremors, and involuntary movements | Consistent control throughout the day |
| Medication Load | High doses are needed, causing side effects | Medications are reduced by roughly 1/3 |
| Daily Activities | Difficulty with eating, walking, and hygiene | Improved independence |
| Sleep Quality | Often disrupted by stiffness and pain | Noticeable improvement in rest |
| Long-term Effect | Manage symptoms daily through medications | Long-term stabilization of movement |
Risks and Complications of DBS
Deep Brain Stimulation carries risks like other major surgeries. Although most complications are temporary or manageable, families and patients must weigh these risks realistically. Most of the risks associated with DBS are of surgical phase. If an experienced neurosurgeon performs surgery, the risks are minimal. Here are the three major categories of risks associated with DBS
- Surgical Risks: There might be bleeding in the brain. Some patients feel temporary numbness in the brain, resembling a stroke. Infection at the incision site can occur, but it can be treated with antibiotics. Some patients experience headaches and seizures. Most of the symptoms are rare because expert surgeons perform DBS.
- Device Related Problems: The battery of the implanted device may fail in rare cases. Batteries usually last 3–5 years for non-rechargeable devices. Rechargeable batteries used for deep-brain stimulation may last longer. If proper care is not taken, the wires (leads) can move or break. This requires a second minor surgery to fix them.
- Stimulation Side Effects: There could be temporary issues with the stimulation after the device is turned on. Some patients have speech problems such as slurred speech or difficulty finding words. Some remain temporarily confused till the brain adjusts itself to the device. DBS can sometimes worsen the balance, and patients experience difficulty in walking. Some patients also feel tingling sensations for some time. Mood changes like depression and anxiety may occur in the first few months and resolve after that. The settings of the device can be adjusted by doctors to reduce the side effects. If necessary, the device can also be turned off or removed.
Research shows that 83% of all adverse events related to DBS resolve within six months of the surgery. So patients and their family members should not be worried about the risks.
The Truth About DBS Safety
Deep Brain Stimulation has a long and well-documented track record of safety. It is FDA-approved and used as standard care when conservative treatments fail. It is interesting to note that our brain does not feel pain. So patients remain awake during the procedure. It helps the doctors when the electrodes are placed perfectly. When performed by an experienced medical professional, DBS is safe and effective. Traditional DBS provides constant stimulation. However, recent research confirmed that adaptive DBS (aDBS) has advanced technology. It listens to the brain in real-time and only delivers stimulation when it detects trouble. This makes Deep Brain Stimulation safe and more natural because it has reduced side effects. Not only this, but the electric signal is delivered to the brain only when necessary. Hence, it resolves battery issues as well and extends battery life.