Descending/Ascending Rep counts?

A lot of times I will see routines in a periodical like M&F, etc. and it will have a set/rep structure something like this:

BENCH PRESS 4 sets X 12, 10, 8, 6 reps

Other times it will be exactly opposite:

BENCH PRESS 4 sets X 6, 8, 10, 12 reps

It seems pretty common to see routines structured like this but I don't really see any great explanation in any of the periodicals when I see it. Came up with some questions:

  1. What is the main purpose/strategy of doing this?
  2. Does a descending or ascending rep structure accomplish different things?
  3. With a routine like this do you look at the rep counts as more of a guideline or a hard structure?
  4. For ascending sets am I supposed to progressively decrease the weight to complete the rep number or use the same weight I started with and just "try" (I hate that word) for the prescribed reps?
  5. Same question as above for the descending sets. Do I use progressively heavier weights as the reps decrease?
 
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