We all know that we should balance our pushes and pulls, especially with regards to our bench pressing and rowing, right? But what if it's not so simple a relationship? Do we have your attention?
In essence, what we're looking at here is balancing our ability to protract and retract the scapulae. Bench pressing is a horizontal pushing movement that you'd think normally produces protraction (forward movement of the scapula around the ribcage) and trains the muscle that cause protraction, a.k.a. the serratus anterior. The logical opposing movement would be a row of some sort. Balanced, right? Wrong.
Question: What's the most effective scapular position to maximize bench press performance?
Answer: Retraction and depression
Question: What scapular position is achieved in the contracted phase of a rowing movement?
Answer: Retraction and depression
Balanced? Nope.
Get it? What looks good on the outside, feeds an imbalance on the inside. Serratus anterior becomes ineffective as a protractor, stabilizer, and upward rotator.
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So if the serratus anterior isn't fully effective at producing an upward rotation force and the rhomboid (a downward rotator) is getting trained with both pushes and pulls, then guess who wins the tug-o-war with the scapula.
Correct! The rhomboids and downward rotation. This means you're more likely to experience shoulder impingement.