It can happen with any activity you do where you are burning calories or where there is a constant caloric deficit. Running, baseball, weightlifting, swimming, walking, reading, sitting on your ass...just about anything you do can eventually lead to catabolic effects. Why? Because there is a caloric deficit and the body turns to burning muscle as fuel. Muscle tissue requires the most nutrients, so the body will want to get rid of it first if there are not enough abundant nutrients in the body.
Here are some simple things you can do to prevent this process from happening,
1) Take in some carbs and protein before doing cardio workouts (unless you are cutting)
2) Limit weightlifting to under and hour, after an hour catabolic effects can start to occur.
3) Eat! You need to eat when you are hungry. If you are cutting and creating a caloric deficit then you can expect some muscle loss.
4) Don't go more than 5 hours without eating.